Studi Multi-Metode Penentuan Percepatan Gravitasi Berbasis Sensor

Abstrak

Gravity measurement experiments in physics laboratories commonly employ a single method, limiting opportunities for students to develop modeling and data analysis skills. This study aimed to develop a multi-method physics laboratory activity assisted by digital sensors for determining the acceleration due to gravity. Three experimental approaches were implemented: an audio-based magnetic pendulum, video analysis of free-fall motion, and a pressure sensor-based hydrostatic method. The acceleration due to gravity was determined using linear regression analysis for each method. The results yielded gravitational acceleration values of 9.59 m/s², 9.82 m/s², and 9.86 m/s², with relative errors of 2.08%, 0.22%, and 0.61%, respectively, compared with the theoretical value. The results show good agreement among the three experimental approaches, with the second method producing the smallest relative error. The developed laboratory activity provides a framework for comparing different physical models and measurement approaches for determining the acceleration due to gravity through graph-based data analysis. This multi-method approach demonstrates the feasibility of integrating audio, video, and pressure-based measurements into a physics laboratory activity for experimental determination of gravitational acceleration.