Manajemen Laboratorium Berbasis Problem Solving Laboratory dalam Membangun Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis dan Kekaguman Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan Fisika
Keywords:
Berpikir Kritis, Kekaguman Ilmiah, Manajemen Laboratorium, POAC, Problem Solving LaboratoryAbstract
Praktikum fisika dasar yang dikelola secara konvensional dengan lembar kerja prosedural bertipe cookbook, beban pengelolaan yang bertumpu pada dosen, dan pengendalian mutu yang tidak terdokumentasi, membatasi kesempatan mahasiswa calon guru fisika untuk merumuskan masalah, membuat prediksi, dan menafsirkan data secara mandiri, padahal ketiga aktivitas tersebut merupakan inti keterampilan berpikir kritis (KBK). Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan transformasi manajemen laboratorium berbasis fungsi Planning-Organizing-Actuating-Controlling (POAC) yang diintegrasikan dengan Problem Solving Laboratory (PSL) pada mata kuliah Eksperimen Fisika Dasar 2 (EFD2) di Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika Universitas Garut, pola capaian mahasiswa selama implementasi, serta kemunculan kekaguman ilmiah (scientific awe). Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus tunggal deskriptif dengan strategi metode campuran konvergen berskala kecil pada satu kelas (N = 5, sampling jenuh) yang dikelola oleh satu dosen dan tiga asisten laboratorium. Data berupa dokumen manajerial dan modul, skor laporan praktikum pada sembilan modul, serta refleksi tertulis mahasiswa dianalisis secara tematik dan statistik deskriptif, kemudian dipadukan pada tingkat modul. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fungsi POAC terwujud dalam aktivitas, penanggung jawab, dan dokumen kerja yang terdefinisi, yang menaungi pelaksanaan delapan tahap PSL pada sembilan modul dan secara konseptual selaras dengan lima indikator KBK Ennis. Rerata skor laporan adalah 92,33 (SD = 4,25), dengan rerata kelas meningkat dari 87,20 (Modul 1) menjadi 95,40 (Modul 9; kemiringan 0,97 poin/modul; R² = 0,852) dan variasi antarmahasiswa yang menyempit pada modul akhir. Empat tema kekaguman ilmiah (perceived vastness, need for accommodation, epistemic curiosity, intellectual humility) muncul baik pada modul bercapaian rendah maupun tinggi. Temuan ini merupakan bukti awal yang perlu diuji melalui desain komparatif dengan instrumen KBK dan kekaguman ilmiah yang tervalidasi.
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