Pengaruh Concept Map dalam Guided Discovery Learning terhadap Pemahaman Konsep dan Retensi Siswa
Kata Kunci:
Concept Map, Guided Discovery Learning, Pemahaman Konsep, Retensi, Gelombang MekanikAbstrak
Penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan metode Concept Map yang diintegrasikan ke dalam model Guided Discovery Learning (GDL) untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan retensi siswa pada materi gelombang mekanik. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain non-equivalent control group, melibatkan 38 siswa pada kelompok eksperimen dan 36 siswa pada kelompok kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui 15 soal pilihan ganda yang diberikan dalam tiga tahap pengukuran, yaitu pretest, posttest, dan delayed posttest. Peningkatan pemahaman konsep ditentukan berdasarkan N-Gain, sedangkan retensi dihitung dari perbandingan skor delayed posttest dengan posttest. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelompok eksperimen memperoleh rata-rata N-Gain sebesar 0,71, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,51. Peningkatan pada kelompok eksperimen juga lebih baik pada ketiga faset pemahaman menurut Wiggins dan McTighe, yaitu Explanation, Interpretation, dan Application. Perbedaan peningkatan pemahaman konsep antarkelompok terbukti signifikan (p < 0,001) dengan effect size sebesar 1,160. Pada aspek retensi, kelompok eksperimen memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 0,97, sedangkan kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,83. Perbedaan tersebut juga signifikan (p = 0,017) dengan effect size sebesar 0,517. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan metode Concept Map dalam model pembelajaran Guided Discovery Learning berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan retensi siswa pada materi gelombang mekanik dibandingkan model pembelajaran Guided Discovery Learning tanpa metode Concept Map.
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